This statute prohibits a Government employee from participating personally and substantially, on behalf of the Federal Government, in any particular matter in which he or she has a financial interest. These restrictions are explained more fully in the "Restrictions on Post-Government Employment" section of this website. It does impose restrictions on certain communications that a former employee may make as a representative of a third party back to the Federal Government. This statute does not bar an individual, regardless of rank or position, from accepting employment with any private or public employer. Post-Government Employment Restriction - 18 U.S.C. § 48, after advising the Government in writing of any personal and substantial involvement the employee has had in connection with the matter. There are limited exceptions, such as for representing other Federal employees in personnel matters representing a not-for-profit organization in certain matters, if a majority of its members are current Federal employees or their spouses or dependent children representing oneself or one's immediate family or a person or estate for which the employee acts as a fiduciary, but not where the employee has participated officially or has official responsibility or acting as an agent or attorney, in certain matters, for a tribal organization or intertribal consortium to which the employee is assigned under the Intergovernmental Personnel Act or 25 U.S.C. This statute prohibits a Government employee from acting as an agent or attorney for anyone before a Federal court or Government agency, whether compensated or not. Restrictions on Acting as an Agent or Attorney - 18 U.S.C. There are limited exceptions, such as for representing oneself or one's immediate family or a person or estate for which the employee acts as a fiduciary, but not where the employee has participated officially or has official responsibility. Representational services include any communications on behalf of another party with the intent to influence the Government. This statute prohibits a Government employee from seeking or accepting compensation for representational services (rendered either personally or by another) before a Federal court or Government agency in a particular matter in which the United States is a party or has a direct or substantial interest. Restrictions on Compensated Representational Activities - 18 U.S.C. This statute prohibits a Government employee from directly or indirectly receiving or soliciting anything of value in exchange for being influenced in the performance or nonperformance of any official act, including giving testimony, or in exchange for committing fraud. Part 2635.īribery of Public Officials Prohibited - 18 U.S.C. They also serve as a basis for the ethics regulations known as the Standards of Ethical Conduct for Employees of the Executive Branch, 5 C.F.R. These laws apply to all Federal employees and carry criminal penalties for noncompliance.